Categorisation, causation, and the limits of understanding

Thinking as Evidence for the Probability of the Existence of a God: An Argument from Unnaturalness for Necessity

The objective of this article is to show that it is justified to assert that the existence of God is plausible, considering the fact that thinking itself is an immediate outcome (effect) of a thinker (cause). This idea may seem evident, but it is in fact challenged by certain claims of cognitive philosophers who aver that our knowledge of necessity and causation is, i...

A Ghazalian Predicament Epistemology and Metaphysics of Causation in the Works of Ghazali

مفهوم علیت در پارادایم‌های پزشکی

In this article, we aim to discuss one of the essential concepts of medicine. As a rule, such studies attempt to clarify the philosophical principals of medicine, whereby the act of medic can be regulated based on his clear perceptions of the principles of his knowledge. In this article, we will evaluate the concept of causation in medicine from a philosophical point of view and through histor...

Coexisting Pituitary Adenoma and Suprasellar Meningioma: A Coincidence or Causation Effect? Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

Background and Importance: The coexistence of pituitary adenoma and another type of brain tumor is a very rare clinical scenario. Even though such a presentation can be an incidental event but the possible pathogenesis of coexistence of different lesions in the sella and suprasellar region has not yet been elucidated. Case Presentation: Two cases of concomitant sellar and suprasellar region ...

Hypothetical Framework: Fasd and Criminality – Causation or Association? the Limits of Evidence-based Knowledge

Delinquency and criminality are common characteristics of FASD. It is widely believed that the pervasive neurobehavioral anomalies in FASD are the cause of criminality. These include impulsivity, lack of understanding of social cues and other dysfunction. We suggest an alternative hypothesis: There is strong association between excessive alcohol intake and criminality. There is also strong heri...